As Northerner has said, the EHIC card does not entitle you to free treatment but to the level of treatment that the participating country would extend to its own citizens. The "free" bit is what it costs you to obtain the card. Thus in France we have had to make a small payment but in Spain, where Jenny had an extensive course of treatment over three months, it cost us nothing. The cost you were charged in Spain seems to relate to the fact that you were transferrd to a private hospital for part of the treatment. Jenny's treatment was in a public hospital and was excellent. As for repatriation costs, then you may find that you already have cover with certain credit cards - and we too, like most long-terming motorhomers in Europe, have a Nationwide account with free travel insurance. Finally, our motorhome insurance policy (Safeguard) includes as standard providing a driver to bring the van back home in the event of the sole driver (or both drivers) being incapacitated for medical reasons. We, therefore, have no need to pay for additional insurance when travelling in the EU.