Robmac
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Theoretically, it's certainly possible, but not something I've ever seen done. I suspect the bigger issue, above the increased surcharge from the new foundation, and localised settlement, would be the increased lateral earth pressure behind the abutments. The taller they are, the more horizontal load the are subjected to. Now the deck will, rightly or wrongly, act as a horizontal prop, but the centre of gravity of the horizontal load is 1/3 from the bottom of the abutment. So, they will potentially try to rotate. This too can be countered by casting a trough beneath the road to effectively brace the bottom of the abutments against each other.
The reality is that unless there is a burning need, or an easy win, they tend to just get managed.
A fall back is installation of collision protection beams up and down stream of the bridge. They are a structural portal set lower than the bridge and not flexible. So they are sacrificed rather than the edge of the bridge.
I can think of a couple of bridges that could do with a solution.
As usual I suppose it is all down to cost.


