I'm totally in favour of masks and wore one for shopping etc even when it wasn't mandatory, as many people did. Even so, I had something similar to this described to me recently (based on the standard 3-layer surgical type masks most people wear) and it totally put things in perspective for me...
Imagine the threads of the mask are woven from ropes. There are gaps between the ropes but the weave is close enough that the ropes are wider than the gaps. The virus droplet (not the virus itself but the droplet containing it) is the size of a pea. It's possible to blast the pea through the ropes but there's plenty of rope to hit too, so it's not easy.
Now take the second layer of our rope mask and offset it from the first layer. Even harder to blast that pea through now.
Now add the third layer, again offset. You really don't stand much chance of that pea going anywhere!
Important to make sure there are no huge gaps around the sides of course, which is probably where a lot of people go wrong.
Here's a good article about home-made cloth masks too...
Epidemiologists reviewed 25 studies of cloth face masks. Here’s what they found out about how well they work, why they work, who they protect and why the mosquito and chain-link fence analogy is wrong.
theconversation.com